Lee Sedol - Gu Li Jubango, game 1
Table of contents |
Introduction
This is a commentary of the first game in the ten game match between Lee Sedol and Gu Li, played in January 2014.
Source material
- Pro commentary by An Younggil of gogameguru:
http://gogameguru.com/go-commentary-lee-sedol-vs-gu-li-jubango-game-1/
- Strong amateur commentary by Rob Van Zeijst at KGS:
http://www.kiseido.com/printss/guliten1.html
- Amateur commentary by Uberdude and John Fairbairn at life in 19x19:
http://www.lifein19x19.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=66&t=9755
- Rendition of live pro comments, by Ben Gale of the American Go Journal:
http://www.usgo.org/news/2014/01/report-from-korea-jo-hanseung-9p-kuksu-games-available/. The commentators are Cho Hanseung and Park Jeongsang, both 9p at the Hankuk Kiwon.
- Revision with KataGo by Dieter
Disclaimer about intellectual property
The above cited sources have been used to guide below commentary. Wherever their expert knowledge is directly used, explicit reference will be made. Additional analysis, cited and uncited, is assumed to come from contributors of Sensei's Library and falls under the (soft) regulations of SL copyright. If you object against any material published here, send a mail to Dieter Verhofstadt or the administrators of SL.
How to understand this game
When studying a professional game, one can try to understand everything that's going on or merely browse through it to get a faint idea of the flow in a pro game. When trying the former, professional or strong amateur (>5d) guidance is probably necessary. As amateurs, we have often no idea what's going on, so that we cannot judge the merits of individual moves. At the surface they may appear beautiful or clumsy but they always serve a purpose.
In this game there are four themes
- the skirmish in the lower left, which leaves Black with the aji of executing a threatening sequence and get a certain move in sente providing a potential connection at the bottom for any crucial stones seeking aid there.
- the timing of two of White's moves, both attachments, to which Black only responded much later, after having taken the initiative to execute more pressure in the centre
- the battle for life and death at the top and Black's inventive tactics to come out alive in sente
- Black taking the initiative to play big endgame moves first in three places, giving him a definite advantage
For these themes we rely on the aforementioned sources. We will add discussions of basic technique here
External Links
The game commentary
The lower left aji sequence 1-42
is a 4-4 low approach. It limits the development of the corner stone and undermines some of its stability.
is a basic development of two stones: the one space jump. It seeks development to that side, while providing a high degree of connectivity.
T ogether with -
, the move at
forms the micro Chinese formation.
is an attachment as well as a diagonal development. White removes a liberty of
and makes it harder for Black to jump into the corner.
is a basic defensive move against such attachment. A hane would not be appropriate here, because White's group is strong.
is a splitting attack.
KataGo gives White a small lead to start with, which increases at due to early side development in its eyes, preferring an approach to the upper left. For
it suggests an enclosure there or a 3-3 invasion of the upper right. Likewise
and
would be slightly preferred in the upper left.
abandons the stones at the bottom side to create a new pole of development at the left.
checks that stone, expanding his potential territory in the corner while limiting the development of
. Such a tsume is the most common way to attack a stone.
is a similar move, but due to the presence of
it has no room for a base. Therefore we can see this move as a reduction. The stone may be sacrificed if the scale of Black's potential remains modest.
is another basic development with the one space jump. It splits two enemy stones and prepares at either of them, at a or b. [1] and [2]
is a combination of a keima and an angle play, attacking Black's isolated stones. KataGo thinks it's a first mistake, shifting the lead to Black. KataGo suggests a large knight in the lower right or a rather unusual wedge of Black's one space jump.
is another safe development. One would expect b here, which is more aggressive towards
.
checks
and combines a diagonal play with the keima of
. The aim is to expand the scope of the attack on the two lone black stones.
Locally,
would be played at c, but then d completes the encirclement. Therefore,
is an attachment, the basic move for creating something viable in a hostile sphere of influence.
deserves a diagram of its own.
A hane at the outside is the common response to an attachment but then separates two white stones in a manner that is considered painful. White is helping black.
White can cut the black stones. Now black has two chains of solidly connected stones, while white's stones are connected in a crooked way. Although it is not easy to see, there are too many weak points in White's position this way: a and b, leading to c. It would not be possible to keep the attack going on all black stones, which is necessary for White to keep balance with the black sphere of influence on the right.
[1] unkx80: Players at a certain level should have the intuition that is the only move. See diagram below.
unkx80: If plays the "more usual" knight's move, then
caps the
stone in. At the same time,
more or less connects
with
, forming some kind of influence and exerting more pressure on the two Black stones at the lower left corner. This position is disadvantageous for Black. Therefore,
must separate the
and
by jumping out at
. The difference is quite stark.
unkx80 (2014 February 17): It seems that the commentary by An Younggil is updated to include this variation, but with the comment "This capping play is also conceivable and it's another game." Oh well, what do I know!
[2] One could ask why Black doesn't play here to attack
or at a to attack
.
kb: I think the one-point jump is strictly better than the knight's move. The reasoning here is clear: when attacking two sides of equal strength, play honte as an indirect attack, making miai for the other player of defending both sides. One of honte's tenets is making oneself strong first, then fighting. This idea should be contrasted with a leaning attack, another type of indirect attack that should be used when one side is already stronger than another.
I am not sure if this idea exists on SL anywhere yet, but I have had pros teach me this technique as well as using it myself to great success in many games. I think this concept comes in at the low dan range. Once you see it in action, you will understand when to use the knight's move and the one-point jump for attack. It is certainly an element of haengma but I would appreciate a librarian's input if they know the word for this type of play.
The usual answer to a move like would be
, a hane at the head of two. Dieter offers
as an answer: Black gets out quite comfortably. So White kept the attack going with a instead. KataGo prefers the connection at b
An Younggil gives this variation. However, it's not yet clear to me (Dieter) what happens if White resists with at
, or
at a. KataGo agrees:
is a small overplay giving White a capture. Simply connecting is better.
If ataris inside to cut through, at
here, Black will gladly capture two stones and get a good position at the left side. White can not allow such an even exchange in his sphere of influence.
When White plays move 28 at here, the common answer would be
then
to form a hanging connection. Black chose to apply the one two three principle and play
immediately. The omission of the
-
exchange will leave more potential for him to still enter the corner.
An Younggil thinks would have been the better choice and suggests
as an answer against Black's cut at
. Rob Van Zeijst thinks
was in the right direction but not flexible enough and he proposes a instead. It is instructive to read both commentaries. KataGo proposes b
The sacrifice tactics of to
require more advanced understanding and cannot be discussed from a perspective of basic technique. There is a fork at
: if it is played on the other side, at
, then Black will eventually get a move at a in sente. To understand this, we refer to the analysis by Rob Van Zeijst.
It may be unclear why White follows suit with instead of capturing the black stones on a large scale at a. We refer to An Younggil's lengthy analysis there, with some hair raising variations. When analyzing with KataGo, a is indeed the "blue move", so we need to investigate An's analysis again.
This diagram completes Black's maneuvers to create aji at the lower left.
looks like a strange answer to the atari of
. The usual move would be to capture at a. In the game, a move at b is sente for Black. As An Younggil points out, if White had played a instead of
, then a move at c would also be sente for Black, because it threatens to turn the corner into a ko.
reduces Black's options for later connections underneath but already having b available in the future is a bonus for Black.
White's ill timed attachments 43-120
The one space jump of is a basic move for defence.
makes a defensive horse head shape while it's also keeping the black group in check.
, a large knight's move, is a sort of counter attack, but it has a higher degree of flexibility than a simple keima.
-
is a typical attachment-hane exchange, where White tries to establish a position in Black's sphere of influence.
gives some leverage for White at a next, but if Black would retreat to b instead of
, then it's too easy for White.
is a special move, trying to cut the large knight's move. Black's reply is not intuitive:
The normal answer would be , to try and preserve the connection within the large knight's move.
creates a complicated situation with a cross cut. White can next aim at separating one of Black's one space jumps, with a or b. An Younggil gives many variations from here. The summary of those is that either White got an easy settlement at the bottom, or the fight becomes very complex in the centre or White acquires sufficient strength to attack Black's dragon left of centre. Apparently Lee backed off here and decided to keep things under control at the bottom and suffer a small loss in the centre.
is a leaning move: if Black plays the usual hane at a, White cuts through the small gap at b. White is looking at a chance to wedge at c. Black doesn't answer locally and instead weakens the White group with
. This is an application of Make Weak Walk Along With Weak.
is the slowest possible haengma: the solid stretch prevents a potential wedge.
was criticized for bad timing. The local purpose is clear: a counter hane applies leverage to create a small position in Black's sphere of influence.
This is one of the variations shown by An Younggil: if gives in to the attachment, then up tp
two cuts remain at a and b.
If answers
in the corner, then the scope of the bottom becomes smaller and
is not as severe as in the game.
Black ignores White's local pressure for a second time and plays .
makes a false eye at the circled point, according to An Younggil.
makes things easy for Black in the centre: he falsens an eye and he could next connect to the bottom stones or cut White at a. White breaks through at the bottom and Black eats the two stones in the corner. This may look like an equal exchange or even a bit slack by Black but we will later see that the marked stone has the potential to link up to any of Black's groups, because b is sente!
fixes the looming cut.
would ordinarily played at c as a faster paced defense.
The wall continues being built. White is running ahead? but his wall is facing an area which has already been played out.
is an angle play on the vital point of White's group.
is a capping play a very natural move for attacking a group. As An Younggil points out,
is an efficient way of preventing a Black move at a. White would answer b and in the resulting sequence, Black's 3 stones remain dead.
and
are two more capping plays, natural moves that check White's development and even put pressure on his stability. The fact that Black can play these natural moves is a sign that things are going well for him.
is a move grudgingly played: White is walking on neutral points to seek asylum. With
Black starts converting his attack into potential territory.
is a tesuji to cover his cutting points at a and b as An Younggil explains.
Up to , White has effectively fixed the cut and Black has become stronger. Then
is a leaning attack.
defends the group and
capitalizes on his attack by fencing off a corner that was originally one where White played first.
At , complications in the upper right start. We can say that the game has become difficult for White now, so that he needs to seek complexity.
Life and death at the top 121-174
Black does not fear the challenge and cuts at . White surrounds at
. With
and
, Black's originally strong wall starts showing signs of weakness. Black has two groups to take care of now. White has relieved one of his groups with the
-
exchange and only needs to take care of one group.
is a move comparable to W110 earlier.
is a natural move for attack but according to the AGJ pro commentators called it a mistake.
With and
Black provides life potential for his top group. White does the same with
and
but at the expense of Black's corner becoming strong territory.
shows the purpose of
. He sacrifices the corner for life at the top.
makes life for White's group in the corner.
According to the professionals,
was a timesuji. Everything is about to stabilize now.
With , Black finally answers White's leaning move
, in a natural way, cutting off all support for the top White group. Next, ...
Black has the initiative in the endgame 175-251
The first big endgame is at the top right, because it affects both groups in their life and death status?. According to Rob Van Zeijst, capturing at is larger than playing a, because that would lead to life in seki. According to An Younggil there would even be a ko (further unexplained).
is the next big sente endgame and
finally draws out a stone that seems to be lost, thanks to the aji on the lower side. To make matters worse, as An Younggil explains, the White group is threatened to be left with a famer's hat? nakade, which is a dead shape.
fixed that issue, but this means the move was again sente.
At B191 Black finally takes gote, removing aji here. A cut at a would damage the black territory or still cut off the big black group and link up to . Victory is assured. According to all commentators, the advantage is about 15 points now.
is White's last sente for now and
forces White to take the smaller eye of the two available second eyes for his group. Then
is an awkward looking move, explained by the professionals as inevitable from the nature of Lee Sedol: it potentially squeezes out an extra point due to endgameaji, which is obviously not necessary at this stage of the (won) game.
The virtual sente of which has haunted White for almost the entire game, is finally played at B211. The remainder of the moves are obvious reductions of Black's left side.
Here we see another interesting endgame pattern at work. Black cannot capture the white stones. He throws in another sente at , ...
... forces the capture and connection at , then connects the ko at
, now that overall temperature is dropping and lives at
. If
at
, then
at
and the capture of white stones is bigger.
turns the corner into seki or ko. It is appropriately ironic that Gu Li resigns by setting up a loss of the corner that has been the root of all Black's advantegous maneuvers throughout the game.
To clarify the problem here, if makes life for his group below, then
will kill the one above. White cannot play a and if Black can play there, then a snap back at b is imminent. If White covers b, then still it becomes a seki. The same will happen if
at c.
If is played at a, to start filling liberties, then
is at
, which reduces White to one eye there and again leads to seki, unless White answers at c immediately, which leads to ko.
In any of the variants, which are well explained at gogameguru, the loss is huge.