The term, counting, has several senses in go:
Estimating the score
Charles Matthews Existing pages relative to this sense of counting include:
Jan: I just discovered Steve Fawthrop's homepage (which you can reach via his SL page) has some very interesting SGF lessons on counting in the score estimation sense. Check them out!
Calculating the local count
Existing pages relative to this sense of counting include:
Forms of Scoring
Existing pages related to this sense of counting include:
Determining the final score
When you play Go with real stones and board, at the end of the game you must determine what the score is. While the rules you are playing under define which points and stones count toward your score, it is generally impractical to simply count them on the board as it stands at the end of the game. Practical counting usually involves rearranging the stones on the board to make the counting easier. Since this destroys the final position of the game, it is important to know how to do it correctly.
There are several counting methods available to determine the score at the end of the game. In general, you must use a counting method that corresponds with the type of Scoring used in the rules you play by.
The Korean variation Sunjang Baduk has its own special counting technique.
Computers have no problem with the tedious counting of score directly from the final board position. This is sometimes called Point-by- Point counting. Most (all?) computer software directly counts the scoring points and stones from the final position according to what ever rules you are playing under. This method isn't practical for humans, which is why counting methods exist.
There is some more information on the web about counting:
Eklectica (5d AGA since 1988) made some SGF files from counting lessons given in the KGS Wings room: http://www.eklectika.net/ORIGINALS/INDEX.HTM