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Attachment on the second line
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    Keywords: MiddleGame, Joseki

[Diagram]
Contact play

Once Black attaches at B1, two common responses for White are a and b.


[Diagram]
White wants thickness

W2 is a solid line of play. Black gets additional territory and White gets solidity facing the right hand side.



This works well for White when White has stones to the right at a or b. White stones closer than that would yield an overconcentrated shape.

Alex Weldon: If the White stone is much closer (say at c, especially if the ladder towards the upper right is good), or if Black is playing this too early in the game, and White is willing to play lightly, it may be possible to omit W4. This would make the sequence gote for Black.

[Diagram]
White wants territory

If White chooses to capture B1 with the hane at W2, B3 forces White to play W4 to complete the capture of B1.



Black will then roll over top of White with B5. Black obtains outside thickness, while White gains some territory. For White to resist B5 by playing W4 there herself is inconsistent with W2.

Velobici: Such is this 10k's understanding. Please correct my errors and enrich this page.

Charles I saw a 4 dan and a 7 dan discuss this, last year. The 4 dan said he'd automatically play W2 above; the 7 dan commented that the 4 dan needed to change his entire attitude to the game. So, who am I to comment?

Actually, this is one of the most basic middlegame joseki. Even so, you have to look at crawl lines to understand the local tactics.

[Diagram]
Crawl

Here W1 is natural resistance.



Black has several choices: at a, at b and possibly some ways to fight out with BS.

[Diagram]
Continuation

If Black avoids complications, up to B5 is expected.



Clearly here White has played in a territorial way, and Black has gained in influence.


This contact play technique is particularly useful for making shape for cramped groups on the side. It is quite common to reinforce the two-space extension.

[Diagram]
Moves 78 to 87

In reply to BC, W1 builds strength. White is defending, but now there is a chance of White a to cut in the centre. (From An Yeong-kil-Ch'oe Myeong-hun (B) 2001-06-07.)


[Diagram]
Moves 88 to 97

Again White plays contact with W5. This time Black answers solidly with B6, to keep up the attack.


[Diagram]
Moves 98 to 107

In the end B10 strengthens the centre. Here attack and defence are well balanced.



Further examples:



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This is a copy of the living page "Attachment on the second line" at Sensei's Library.
(OC) 2004 the Authors, published under the OpenContent License V1.0.