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Go History
Keywords: Culture & History, People
Dave Sigaty: Until now the best place for Go History (at least the history in Japan) has been Andrew Grant's pages. These are no longer up (see [1] below) so it seems necessary for the SL community to produce a "Do It Yourself" version of Go History.
I have taken the Names in Go lists plus a few other items (so far) and created "time lines" by country. I have ordered people based on their birthdays. Please add your events and expand on those listed below as you see fit.
- China [2]
- Japan [3]
- Korea [4]
- Non-Asian Countries [5]
- Computer Go [6]
- Sensei's Library [7]
- Elsewhere [8]
Note that John Fairbairn was gradually publishing a varied and fascinating series of historical essays and other (often historical) materials on the features page at Mindzine. The site has become inactive but it and the materials are still there. Most materials on Go history in English are about Japan. John's work is much broader, covering not only the big three (China, Japan, and Korea) but digressing to Tibet and Okinawa as well. Read them while they last. And if you have the opportunity, push John to find a new venue for publishing additional works as well!!
[2] Timeline China
- According to a legend, Emperor Yao (2357-2255 BC) invented Go to enlighten his son Dan Zhu.
- According to another legend, Shun (2255-2205 BC) invented Go to teach his son Shang Jun.
- 2306 BC: Go invented (Encyclopedia Britannica)
- 6th century BC: "Analects?" by Confucius mentioned Go (oldest surviving Go reference)
- 1st century AD: "Yi Zhi" (Essence of Go) by Ban Gu? (oldest surviving text devoted specifically to Go)
- around 250 AD: "Wu Diagram" (earliest recorded Go game)
- Sima Yan, Emperor (reigned 265-290 AD)
- ...
- Huang Longshi b. 1651 (1654?) d. ~1695
- Fan Xiping (also called Fan Shixun) b. 1709 d. ?
- Shi Ding'an b. 1710 d. 1770
- Guo Tisheng b.1907 d.1989
- Chen Zude b.1944
- Nie Weiping b. 1952
- Guo Juan b. 1960
- Rui Naiwei b. 1963
- Ma Xiaochun b. 1964
- Chang Hao b. 1976
- ...
Note: Some claim Go was developed as a game in China perhaps 4000 years before present time, but this date has been questioned by many.
[3] Timeline Japan
- Early 7th century AD: Go, backgammon and gambling were enjoyed by the Japanese according to the Chinese document "The Records of the Sui". The Sui Dynasty ended in 618.
- Kibi no Makibi? 695-775 was sent by the Japanese Imperial Court at Nara to the Chinese T'ang dynasty capital at Ch'ang-an. His reports that Go was popular with the T'ang Court led to the popularity of Go among the Japanese aristocrats and the Imperial Household.
- Sansa 1st Honinbo and 1st Meijin Godokoro b. 1559 d. 1623 (see HikaruOmakeBackground)
- The first Tokugawa Shogun, Ieyasu, appoints Sansa to new government post of Meijin Godokoro 1603
- First castle game played 1605.
- The Tokugawa government begins government subsidies for the four major Go houses: Honinbo, Inoue, Hayashi, Yasui in 1612. This formalizes the support of Go and begins the classical period that lasts for 250 years until the Meiji Restoration in 1868.
- Castle games become an official ceremony 1628.
- Dosaku 4th Honinbo and 4th Meijin Godokoro b. 1645 d. 1702
- Inoue Dosetsu Inseki 5th Meijin Godokoro
- Dochi 5th Honinbo, 6th Meijin Godokoro
- Satsugen 9th Honinbo and 7th Meijin Godokoro b. 1733 d. 1788
- Retsugen 10th Honinbo b. 1750 d. 1808
- Hattori Inshuku (also Hattori Intetsu but this name was used by several people) b. 1761 d. 1842
- Senchi Senkaku O-Senchi (Great Senchi) 7th Yasui b. 1764 d. 1837
- Hayashi Genbi b. 1778 d. 1861
- Jowa 12th Honinbo b. 1787 d. 1847
- Josaku 13th Honinbo and 8th Meijin Godokoro b. 1801 d. 1847
- Ota Yuzo b. 1807 d. 1856
- Akaboshi Intetsu b. 1810 d. 1835
- Shuwa 14th Honinbo b. 1820 d. 1873
- Shusaku heir to Shuwa, died before becoming Honinbo head but called Honinbo Shusaku b. 1829 d. 1862
- The Blood Vomiting Game 1835
- Shuho 18th Honinbo b. 1838 d. 1886
- Shuei 17th and 19th Honinbo, 13th Hayashi. Meijin b. 1852 d. 1907
- Last castle games played in 1863 as deepening government crisis in Japan impacts the traditional ceremonies.
- Tokugawa Government falls, ending the official stipends of the Go houses 1868.
- 1873-1875 Go activity possibly at its lowest ebb, during the period of intense Westernisation.
- Shusai 21st and last hereditary Honinbo. Meijin b. 1874 d. 1940
- The first newspaper Go column appears in Japan, 1 April 1878. Read the history of
newspaper go in Japan by John Fairbairn.
- Hoensha formed 1879
- Igo Shoreikai run 1892-1894 by Shuei.
- Shishokai formed 1895
- Iwamoto Kaoru b. 1902 d. 1999
- Nihon Igo-kai formed 1905
- Hashimoto Utaro b. 1907 d. 1994
- Igo Doshikai formed 1907
- Kitani Minoru b. 1909 d. 1975
- Sekiyama Riichi b. 1909 d. 1970
- Go Seigen (Wu Qing-yuan) b. 1914 in China; played Iwamoto Kaoru 1926; brought to Japan 1928
- Takagawa Kaku b. 1915 d. 1986
- Sakata Eio b. 1920
- Hiseikai formed 1922
- Chuo Ki-in formed 1923
- Nihon Kiin formed 1924, shortly afterward Kiseisha formed
- Fujisawa Shuko (Fujisawa Hideyuki) b. 1925
- Kageyama b. 1926 d. 1990
- The first game between Kitani Minoru and Go Seigen 1929
- New Fuseki Era begins 1933
- First Honinbo tournament is won by Sekiyama Riichi 1941
- Keiinsha formed 1941
- Rin Kaiho (Lin Hai Feng) b. 1942
- Otake Hideo b. 1942
- Hane Yasumasa b. 1944
- Atomic bomb game 1945
- Igo Shinsha formed 1947
- Ishida Yoshio b. 1948
- Kansai Kiin formed 1950
- Takemiya Masaki b. 1951
- Ogawa Tomoko b. 1951
- Kobayashi Koichi b. 1952
- Cho Chikun b. 1956
- Yoda Norimoto b. 1966
- ...
[4] Timeline Korea
[5] Timeline Non-Asian Countries
- 19th century: Go was brought to America by Asian immigrants
- 1934: AGA founded
- Michael Redmond b. 1963; first "western" 9-dan (2000)
- 2003, Jan 16: Hans Pietsch b. 1968, German Nihon Ki-in 6-dan, been shot on a go promotion tour in Guatemala.
- ...
[6] Timeline Internet Go
- December 19, 1976, Taiwan vs U.S. International friendship match, played via Teletype machine (what that?)
- Sometime in the 1980's, Greg Hale wrote inetgo72. This was the first(?) program to use the internet to play Go. Inetgo72 was one of the foundations for the Internet Go Server (IGS).
- February 1992, IGS starts. Written mostly by Tim Casey, it is the first server dedicated to Go, based at the University of New Mexico.
- 2000, Oct 21: Two "wild and crazy guys" (Arno and Morten) create a WikiWikiWeb to act as the on-line repository of (real soon now) all Go knowledge in the world - Sensei's Library.
- 2001, Jan 5: Sensei's Library opens to the public with an announcement on rec.games.go. It is soon overrun with noisy but good-natured riff raff :-)
- ...
More details are at SL History and Wiki News.
[9] Timelines Elsewhere
[1] Discussion
Dave Sigaty: Andrew Grant has written a series of articles on the history of Go. You can find them at http://www.honinbo.freeserve.co.uk/.
BlueWyvern: This link seems to be broken, does anyone know what is up? I've been trying to go there for a week now...
Morten Pahle: Andrew just (05/09/01) told me that the site has been taken down because he wants to publish the contents as a book.
Andrew Grant: The publication date of my book on the history of Go has come forward by quite a bit since my last posting here. Slate and Shell, my publisher, told me yesterday (22/1/03) that the manuscript has gone to the printer and it should be coming off the presses in "about ten days".
Stefan: Great! I'll definitely order a copy. And welcome to the library.
Andrew Grant: Unfortunately the book will not now be appearing due to copyright? problems.
BobMcGuigan: I'd like to know more about go in Japan before the time of Sansa. Presumably it came to Japan from China at the time of the great borrowing from Chinese culture but it would be nice to know more about that. It would also be nice to know more about go (weichi) in China during the centuries following 1700. Same for the history of baduk in Korea before Cho Nam-ch'eol.
HolIgor: As far as I know Genji no monogatari mentions the game several times. As it was written at the beginning of 11th century, one can assume that the game was popular at the court at that time. Of course, Fujiwara no Sai comes from that period as well.
hello: I added an 'Internet Go' timeline, as i discovered some facts about an early international match. Couldn't find any similar chronology elsewhere. Lots of other things could be added.
This is a copy of the living page
"Go History" at
Sensei's Library.
2003 the Authors, published under the OpenContent License V1.0.
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