ComputerVision
"Computer Vision" generally refers to the whole set of study, algorithms, and actual hardware and software needed to get a machine to usefully interpret visual data.
For go, this usually means being able to recognize a go board and stones, in spite of perspective, uneven lighting, obscured parts of the board, and sometimes intervening objects like people's hands, and then to produce data (typically SGF) representing a board position, or even a record of a whole game. Data usually comes from still images, and some projects aim to string the logic together to record a game from live or recorded video (sometimes considered an easier problem, since this starts from an empty board).
Programs and libraries that are specific to computer vision for go are:
- GoCam
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image2sgf
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GO Watcher
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Tangible Intermediaries, especially interesting as it also turns a go board into an interactive display using a projector
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GoTracer, useable without any need to install software, just enter an image url