Shuwa
Honinbo Shuwa (本因坊秀和, Tsuchiya Toshihira, Tsuchiya Shunpei, Tsuchiya Tsunetaro, 1820 - 2 July 1873 in Koshimoda Village, Izu Prov., Japan) was a Japanese, professional 8-dan. He was the pupil of Honinbo Jowa and became one of the strongest players during the Edo period; rivals with the Tempo Top Four; the 14th head of the Honinbo house; teacher of numerous strong players; one of the last participants in the Castle games (from 1840-62); and father of Honinbo Shuetsu, Honinbo Shuei, Honinbo Shugen, Denkichi (a merchant) and a daughter. In 2006, he was inducted into the 3rd annual Nihon Ki-in Hall of Fame.
Biography
Shuwa first learned go in 1827 and became a pupil of the Honinbo house, under Meijin Honinbo Jowa, the following year. In 1832, he changed his name to Shuwa. He progressed quickly and by 1840 had reached 7-dan. The same year he challenged Inoue Gen'an Inseki's accession to Meijin-Godokoro, succeeding after only two games; and was appointed fourteenth heir to the Honinbo house by Honinbo Josaku. Between 1846-7 he played a series of seventeen games with Honinbo Shusaku, and after succeeding as heir in '47 he announced Shusaku as his own heir soon after. By 1849 he was promoted to 8-dan and widely acknowledged as the strongest player. At this point his only competition was against the Tempo Top Four -- Yasui Sanchi, Ito Showa, Ota Yuzo and Sakaguchi Sentoku -- and Shusaku. Although he occasionally played members of the Four on even terms, he generally gave them a handicap. He found Sanchi to be his most difficult opponent and Yuzo to be his easiest. His last official game with Shusaku finished in 1852.
In 1859, he submitted request for Meijin-Godokoro. But due to his participation in blocking Inoue Gen'an Inseki's accession years before it was opposed by the Inoue house. While his request was in perpetuity his heir, Shusaku, passed away in 1862. Shuwa announced his eldest son, Shuetsu 3-dan, as heir to the Honinbo house, passing over his then strongest student Murase Shuho 6-dan as a result of inter-familial politics.
As the years continued, uncertain political and economic climate surrounding the Meiji Restoration ultimately lead to his unsuccessful accession[1] and began a series of increasing financial woes. In Spring 1870, a fire broke out burning down all the rental houses and main Honinbo apartment; and by 1871 stipends for the Honinbo house officially ran out. In despair and with the responsibility of the entire Honinbo family and estate on his shoulders his health declined rapidly. On 2 July 1873, the last Honinbo of the Edo era, Honinbo XIV Shuwa 8-dan passed away.
![[Diagram]](../../diagrams/13/f1d550d5bcc3eeaefe2383802dbf4954.png)
Honinbo Shuwa v. Nakagawa Junsetsu, 1845-06-10. Shuwa initiates a high level amashi strategy.
Style
His style with Black epitomized the values of classical go - making one's groups safe and strong early on. He is greatly admired by modern professionals for his light, flexible play, as well as his refinement and mastery of amashi when playing with white.
Cho Chikun said the following of Shuwa and his style:
I like him the most of the historical Meijins. Most people prefer Shusaku, but I felt closer to Shuwa. Our go seemed to have a lot in common. I think you'll find [...] that Shuwa's go is fast-moving and that he has a good perception of the overall position. He keeps moving ahead, beating the opponent to the large points. And his go is flexible. For example, if he makes a slight gain with a forcing move, he will stop worrying about that area. He will then play from the opposite direction. When he sacrifices, he does so smartly, without wasting time, then looks for somewhere else to start a fight. Above all, he does not fuss about, his go is 'flexible'. This aspect of his game really strikes a responsive chord in me.[2]
Rank Promotion
- 1834: 3-dan, jump promotion
- 1835: 4-dan
- 1836: 5-dan
- 1838: 6-dan
- 1840: 7-dan
- 1849: 8-dan
Pupils[3]
- Abe Kamejiro
- Honinbo Shuei
- Honinbo Shuetsu
- Honinbo Shugen
- Honinbo Shuho
- Honinbo Shusaku
- Ishigaya Kosaku
- Kajikawa Noboru
- Kato Ryuwa
- Katsuta Eisuke
- Kishimoto Saichiro
- Koizumi Fujimatsu
- Kuwahara Shusaku
- Nakagawa Kamesaburo
- Ninomiya Shukai
- Ozawa Mitsugoro
- Sato Shuseki
- Sugiyama Senwa
- Suzuki Yoshito
- Takahashi Kinesaburo
- Takahashi Shutoku
- Tomita Shuroku
- Tsuruoka Saburosuke
- Uchigaki Suekichi
- Yasui San'ei
- Yoshida Etsu
- Yoshida Hanjuro
English Commentaries
Date | Opponent | Resource |
---|---|---|
1842-04-?? | Yasuda Shusaku | Invincible - The Games of Shusaku |
1842-04-?? | Yasuda Eisai | Invincible - The Games of Shusaku |
1842-06-24 | Inoue Gen'an Inseki | Appreciating Famous Games |
1846-12-02 | Yasuda Shusaku | Invincible - The Games of Shusaku |
1846-12-09 | Yasuda Shusaku | Invincible - The Games of Shusaku |
1846-12-11 | Yasuda Shusaku | Invincible - The Games of Shusaku |
1847-04-02 | Yasuda Shusaku | Go World Iss. 1, Invincible - The Games of Shusaku |
1847-08-23 | Yasuda Shusaku | Invincible - The Games of Shusaku |
1847-10-11 | Yasuda Shusaku | Invincible - The Games of Shusaku |
1851-11-15 | Yasuda Shusaku | Appreciating Famous Games |
1851-11-21 | Honinbo Shusaku | Invincible - The Games of Shusaku |
Notes
[1] Although Shuwa did not attain the rank of Meijin, he is honored as one of the Four Sages? (players who were said to be of Meijin strength but never officially attained the title). The other three are: Honinbo Genjo, Yasui Chitoku and Inoue Gen'an Inseki.
[2] Go World Iss. 23, pp. 25-6.
[3] Source: 1996 Kido Yearbook.
- His first challenge game against Gen'an is said the be the longest game ever. They played from Dec. 22-26, 1840 & Jan. 1, 2, 4, 5, 1841 from 9-5, except for the last day which started at 10, equaling 71-hours. The match is featured in episode one of the Hikaru no Go anime.
- His 1841-04-28 game against Ito Matsujiro? is regarded as one of his lifetime masterpieces.
- In 1860, he played a jubango with his pupil, Murase Shuho (then known as Murase Yakichi). However, only four records of the match exist with the score of 1-win, 1-jigo and 2-losses.
- Several of his matched are featured in the Hikaru no Go anime and manga.
- 1840-12-22: Anime, ep. 1.
- 1847-09-11: Manga, ch. 89, Shindo vs. Sai.
- 1851-11-14: Manga, ch. 5.
- 1851-11-15: Manga, ch. 2, Shindo vs. Akira.
- Shuwa is responsible for giving ruling to a controversial corner position known as torazu sanmoku.
Discussion
Is the link to Yasui Sanchi right? That one was ten years older than Shuwa. Could it be another with the same name?
Charles Well, no. I left that unresolved because of difficulties I had with relating the name in the Yearbook with John Fairbairn's names book. Someone else has leapt in rather overconfidently.
John Fairbairn I think you'll find it's a misprint for Sanei. But the Kido listing looks dodgy anyway. It purports to limit itself to Meiji or later players yet lists Shusaku, and gives a false impression in that Shuwa had quite a few more pupils, live-in no less, rather more reliably, but still not completely, listed in Zain Danso.