Shuho
Honinbo Shuho (本因坊秀甫) (a.k.a. Murase Yakichi, Murase Shuho (村瀬秀甫), or Shuho, 1838 - 14 October 1886) was a Japanese professional Go player. He became the 18th head of the Honinbo house in 1886, and was acclaimed 'unofficial Meijin' from at least 1882 to the time of his death.[1] He wrote the classic Hoen Shinpo, and founded the Hoensha.[2] He is known for his strong attacking style.
At the age of seven Shuho became a student in the Honinbo house and was awarded the rank of 1-dan. Under the tutelage of Honinbo Josaku and then Honinbo Shuwa he attained the rank of 6-dan in 1861 -- rising to become the second strongest pupil behind that of only Honinbo Shusaku. After Shusaku died, in 1862, Shuho became the head pupil and was expected to become heir of the Honinbo house under Honinbo Shuwa. However, Honinbo Jowa's widow blocked this idea and despite Shuho being substantially stronger than other pupils of the house he was passed over as heir in favor of Tsuchiya Shuetsu (Shuwa's eldest son). In compensation Shuho was given the rank of 7-dan in 1864, allowing him to participate in the Castle Games.
For several years Shuho waited to participate, but the Castle Games did not occur.[3] Realizing the state of affairs, in 1872 he decided to leave to travel Japan with his semi-younger brother Hayashi Shuei. For the next three years they stopped at various locations to play Go with the locals and each other, while developing a lifelong friendship.
In 1879, Shuho & Nakagawa Kamesaburo founded the Hoensha -- an important forerunner to modern Go organizations and publisher of the newsletter Igo Shinpo. The formation of the Hoensha appeared to directly threaten the traditional iemoto system that Shuho's friend, Shuei, was still very much dedicated to. Following a series of disputes, the two experienced a falling out with one another. While leading the Hoensha Shuho wrote his magnum opus Hoen Shinpo, a major work of opening theory and game commentaries. In the book Shuho describes the style of fuseki that had dominated the Meiji era (up to the writing of the book) and the relationship between joseki & fuseki.
In 1886, Shuho participated in a reconciliation jubango with Honinbo Shuei, wherein he was promoted to 8-dan and given control of the Honinbo house as the 18th head. By this time he had come to completely dominate his contemporaries, forcing them to the handicap of the black stones. Unfortunately, he died suddenly (possibly of a stroke) less than three months later at the age of 49.
Shuho played with a very strong attacking style and his games often ended with the death of a group of stones. He mixed subtlety in both placement and timing, both helping to facilitate a natural and constant flow of attacking. He also invented many josekis. Modern players have compared his style to that of Rin Kaiho.[4]
Rank Promotion
- 1845: 1-dan
- 1853: 3-dan
- 1854: 4-dan
- 1855: 5-dan
- 1861: 6-dan
- 1864: 7-dan
- 1886: 8-dan
Pupils
Earliest Surviving Game Record[6]
![[Diagram]](../../diagrams/41/9f8b88aa519a37a0dd4aba84afe3c6a9.png)
Honinbo Shuwa v. Murase Yakichi, 5-9-1848
Jubangos
Shuho participated in a large number of jubangos.
Year | Players | Result | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
1857 | Murase Yakichi, Narabayashi Kurakichi | 7-0-3 | |
1857 | Hattori Hajime?, Murase Yakichi | 2-1-7 | |
1859 | Murase Yakichi, Takasaki Tainosuke | 5-0-5 | |
1859 | Kajikawa Shurei?, Murase Yakichi | 4-1-5 | |
1860 | Honinbo Shuwa, Murase Yakichi | ||
1861 | Honinbo Shusaku, Murase Shuho | 3-1-6 | |
1863 | Murase Shuho, Yoshida Hanjuro | ||
1884-6 | Honinbo Shuei, Murase Shuho | 5-0-5 | Reconciliation match, turned into jubango. |
English Commentaries
Notes
[1]From "Preface to "New Methods in Go" by Shigeno Yasutsugu: http://www.gogod.co.uk/Shinpo/Shinpo002.htm
[2]See Shuho's Opening Theory for additional information.
[3]The last castle game was held in 1863, between Hayashi Hakuei? and Yasui Sanei.
[4]From the GoGoD entry on Shuho.
[5]One of the first Westerners to seriously learn about Go.
[6]This sgf was transcribed by tchan001 from his personal copy of "The Perfected Honinbo Shuho Complete Game Collection" published 2006 by Seibundo-Shinkosha. This is his gift to the go community and may be used freely for any private or commercial go database provided there is acknowledgement of thanks to the transcriber (tchan001) and the sgf remains unchanged.
John F.: I have a query on this. The game has also been in the GoGoD database for quite some time, but the date there is Kaei 4 IV 7 rather than the Kaei 1 IV 7 implied here. Both dates are feasible, but if we assume a 3-4 handicap, as seems to be the appropriate for the grades, the earlier date (three years before the next known game) would imply a rather slow rate of progress for such a great player. Also, I'd have expected to see some report of discovery of a document with a new date, though the extra moves here do suggest a new find of some sort. Can anyone add anything concerning the date or discovery?
tchan001: There are notes in Japanese with rudimentary English translation on where this copy of Shuho's first game comes from.
It seems the original copy of this new discovery was unfortunately lost in the Great Hanshin Earthquake (Jan 1995). I suppose if you really need to know more, you could try to contact Fukui Masaaki 9p (福井正明).
John F.: Thanks, tchan, but this just seems to deepen the mystery. The text you quote only makes reference to Kaei 4 (福井正明九段は嘉永四年頃の作品ではないかと云うが原譜は嘉永四年となっている。). Fukui says the handwritten record owned by Hayashi Hanichiro (who seems to have been an antique book dealer) is "surely around Kaei 4" and it then says the original record is Kaei 4 (=1851). It is not clear from this whether this is a single game record or a book, and if it is a book who wrote it, or where it was really discovered - it just says Hayashi used to live in Kobe. The title quoted (寫本對棊提要) makes it sound as if it as a small compendium of disparate handwritten game records put together by Hayashi.
BTW the statement in your blog that the game record was not in the GoGoD database is clearly incorrect.We just have it under a different date. I still don't know which date to rely on but for the time being I still regard Kaei 4 as more likely. That would fit better with his expected rate of progress (as mentioned above) and with other records - it would seem more natural for him to play Shusaku, a pupil, before the master, Shuwa.
tchan001: Noted and corrected my post in the blog regarding the presence of a version of this game record in the GoGoD database.
- In the Go Players Almanac of 2001, Shuho may be difficult to find. The Almanac is slightly inconsistent with its definition for entries on p.202 (w.r.t. chapters 10 & 11): Shuei is in , Shuho is not. However, there is one column on him on page 82 (John Power: "Go Players in the Edo Era").
- The majority of Hoen Shinpo is available on the
GoGoD website, the remainder is contained on the CD.
- GoGoD's entry on Shuho says that Fujisawa Hideyuki considered Shuho his mentor.